Every February 14, across the United States and in other places around the world, candy, flowers and gifts are exchanged among loved ones, all in the name of St. Valentine. But who is this mysterious saint, and where did these traditions come from? Find out about the history of this celebration:
Saint Valentine's Day story
Valentine's
Day started in the time of the Roman Empire. In ancient Rome, February
14th was a holiday to honor Juno. Juno was the Queen of the Roman Gods
and Goddesses. The Romans also knew her as the Goddess of women and
marriage. The following day, February 15th, began the Feast of
Lupercalia.
The
lives of young boys and girls were strictly separate. However, one of
the customs of the young people was name drawing. On the eve of the
festival of Lupercalia the names of Roman girls were written on slips of
paper and placed into jars. Each young man would draw a girl's name
from the jar and would then be partners for the duration of the festival
with the girl whom he chose. Sometimes the pairing of the children
lasted an entire year, and often, they would fall in love and would
later marry.
Under
the rule of Emperor Claudius II Rome was involved in many bloody and
unpopular campaigns. Claudius the Cruel was having a difficult time
getting soldiers to join his military leagues. He believed that the
reason was that roman men did not want to leave their loves or families.
As a result, Claudius cancelled all marriages and engagements in Rome.
The good Saint Valentine was a priest at Rome in the days of Claudius
II. He and Saint Marius aided the Christian martyrs and secretly
married couples, and for this kind deed Saint Valentine was apprehended
and dragged before the Prefect of Rome, who condemned him to be beaten
to death with clubs and to have his head cut off. He suffered
martyrdom on the 14th day of February, about the year 270.
Vocabulary
God: The supreme being, creator and ruler of the universe.
Goddess: Female god.
Marriage: legal union between a man and a woman as husband and wife.
Lupercalia: a roman goddess.
Slip of paper: piece of paper.
Jar: cylindrical container usually made of glass.
Draw: to take out.
Fall in love: to feel love for somebody else.
Engagement: agreement to marry.
Priest: Person who performs religious ceremonies.
Deed: good actions.
Aid: to help.
Drag: to pull somebody along with difficulty and effort.
Beat: to hit somebody repeatedly with a stick.
Club: heavy stick with one end thicker than the other.
Martyrdom: martyr’s suffering or death.
St. Valentine's biography
Let
me introduce myself. My name is Valentine. I lived in Rome during the
third century. That was long, long ago! At that time, Rome was ruled
by an emperor named Claudius. I didn't like Emperor Claudius, and I
wasn't the only one! A lot of people shared my feelings. Claudius
wanted to have a big army. He expected men to volunteer to join. Many
men just did not want to fight in wars. They did not want to leave
their wives and families. As you might have guessed, not many men
signed up. This made Claudius furious. So what happened? He had a crazy
idea. He thought that if men were not married, they would not mind
joining the army. So Claudius decided not to allow any more marriages.
Young people thought his new law was cruel. I thought it was
preposterous! I certainly wasn't going to support that law!
Did
I mention that I was a priest? One of my favorite activities was to
marry couples. Even after Emperor Claudius passed his law, I kept on
performing marriage ceremonies -- secretly, of course. It was really
quite exciting. Imagine a small candlelit room with only the bride and
groom and myself. We would whisper the words of the ceremony, listening
all the while for the steps of soldiers. One night, we did hear
footsteps. It was scary! Thank goodness the couple I was marrying
escaped in time. I was caught. I was thrown in jail and told that my
punishment was death.
I
tried to stay cheerful. And do you know what? Wonderful things
happened. Many young people came to the jail to visit me. They threw
flowers and notes up to my window. They wanted me to know that they,
too, believed in love. One of these young people was the daughter of the
prison guard. Her father allowed her to visit me in the cell.
Sometimes we would sit and talk for hours. She helped me to keep my
spirits up. She agreed that I did the right thing by ignoring the
Emperor and going ahead with the secret marriages.
On
the day I was to die, I left my friend a little note thanking her for
her friendship and loyalty. I signed it, "Love from your Valentine." I
believe that note started the custom of exchanging love messages on
Valentine's Day. It was written on the day I died, February 14, 269 A.D.
Now, every year on this day, people remember. But most importantly,
they think about love and friendship. And when they think of Emperor
Claudius, they remember how he tried to stand in the way of love, and
they laugh -- because they know that love can't be beaten!
Reading and listening comprehension activity:
After watching the video and doing the reading, answer the following questions:
1. What’s the relationship between mid-February and Romans?
2. How did the Lupercalia festivity begin in Roman time?
3. Who was Claudius and what did he declare?
4. How did Valentine help people?
5. What happened when Valentine was arrested?
6. What did young couples do when Valentine was in prison?
7. When was Valentine executed and what happened in that date?
juan sebastian gomez
ReplyDelete1. the relationship is the lupercalia festival
2. this begin with the animal sacrifice and then slapping young girls with the aminal skins smealed of blood.
3. claudius was an emperor of rome in the third century, he canceled all of marriages in rome because, he thought that if men were not married, they would not mind joining the army.
4. he married young people in secret.
5. when valentine was arrested, the couple he was marrying escaped and then he was caught.
6. the couples went to the jail to visit valentine and they gave flowers and notes up to his window.
7. before he was executed, he wrote a note to the daughter of one prison guard, thanking her for her friendship, he signed it, "love from your valentine". that note started the custom of san valentine's day.
Jennifer Durango Monsalve
ReplyDeleteAnswers to the questions:
1.The relationship between mid-February (February 4th and 15th) and Romans is that on this date was celebrated Lupercalia Feast and Honor to Juno by the Romans.
2. Lupercalia Festivity begins with animal sacrificies and then the slapping young women with the animal´s skin and blood to restore fertility in the year.
3. Claudio II " The Cruel" was a Roman Emperor, who cancelled all marriages and engagements in Rome.
4. Valentine helped the young couples to married secretly.
5.Valentine was condemned to death, and he was decapitated.
6. The young couples in secret pass to the cell in the jail, and left flowers in symbol of gratitude.
7. Valentine was executed in February 14th, and that day he wrote a love letter to the daughter jailer signed: " From your Valentine" =)...
DANIELA RAMIREZ MENESES
ReplyDelete1.The relationship between mid-February and Romans is the Lupercalia feast in honor of Lupa, the she-wolf.
2.The Lupercalia festivity began with the animal sacrifice then slapping young women with the animal´s skin and blood to restore fertility.
3.Claudius II was a roman emperor. He wanted to have a big army but many men just did not want to fight in wars; so Claudius decided not to allow any more marriages.
4.Valentine secretly married young couples.
5.Valentine was condemned to death.
6.When Valentine was in prison many young couples came to visit him. They threw flowers and notes in his window.
7.Valentine was executed in February 14th. He left the daughter of the guard a letter thanking her for her friendship; he signed “Love from your Valentine”.
Alejandro Tabares Perez
ReplyDelete1-the relationship between the mid February and Romans was the lupercalia’s festival in the honor to lupa
2-That festival began with the animal’s sacrifice and then slapping young girls with the animal’s skin
3-claudius was an emperor cancelled the all marriages and engagements in Rome during the third century. The emperor Claudius wanted a big army and became to join for the other people.
4-when the emperor Claudius cancelled the marriages saint valentine and saint marius married the couples in a small candlelit room secretly
5-thank goodness the couple escaped when they were marring and the saint valentine was caught
6-when priest’s valentine was in a prison the young people threw him flowers and notes up to his window, in the cell saint valentine talked with a daughter’s them for hours and she helped him to keep his spirits up
7-saint valentine died in February 14th and he left a little note where he signed “love from your valentine”, then in this date began to celebrate de valentine’s day.
MARIA ALEJANDRA BAENA AGUDELO
ReplyDelete1. The association between mid-February and Romans is a pagan festival known as Lupercalia.
2. The Lupercalia festivities begin with an animal sacrifice, then the ritual sticks slapping young women with the animal´s skin and blood to request fertility for the comming year.
3. Claudius was a roman emperor. He was having a difficult time getting soldiers to join his military leagues. He believed that the reason was that roman men did not want to leave their loves or families. As a result, Claudius cancelled all marriages and engagements in Rome.
4.The good Saint Valentine was a priest at Rome in the days of Claudius II. He and Saint Marius aided the Christian martyrs and secretly married couples
5. Valentine was condemned by the Emperor to be beaten to death with clubs and to have his head cut off. He suffered martyrdom on the 14th day of February, about the year 270.
6. Many young people went to the jail to visit Valentine. They threw flowers and notes up to his window.
7. Valentine was executed in February 14th. That day he left a letter to the daughter of the prison guard, thanking her for her friendship and loyalty, and he signed it, "Love from your Valentine."
Santiago García Rendón.
ReplyDelete1)On mid-February roman people used to celebrate the Juno's
day and Lupercalia festival.
2)The Lupercalia festival begins with the animal sacrifice then the men
slapping the young woman with the animal skin smealed, also the Roman
girls introduce slips of papers in a jar with her names and the Roman
boys chose a paper and would then be partners in the festival.
3)Claudius II was a Roman emeperor on third centuary, he needed to
get men for the roman army, but at this moment the men didn't
want fight in the war, for this reason Claudius cancelled of marriages
and engagements.
4) Valentine helped marrying the people in secret.
5) When Valentine was arrested, he received the death sentence.
6) The young couples visited to Valentine in prison and they
threw flowers and letters by the windows of jail.
7) During the time in prison Valentine did a new friend the daughter of
guard prison, She visited and help to him, then before valentine
sentence, he wrote a letter to her signed from your Valentine, he was
killed on February 14th.
1. In min-February there were two celebrations: A holiday to honor Juno, Queen of the Roman Gods and Goddesses, and the feast of Lupercalia.
ReplyDelete2. Feast of Lupercalia begin with a simple ceremony: the names of many girls were written in a slip of paper and placed into jars. Then, each young man drew one piece of paper and spent the rest of the day with the chosen girl.
3. Was the emperor of Rome, in that time. He declared that any man could get married.
4. He aided the Christian martyrs and married couples, in secret.
5. He was thrown in jail and the captors told him that his punishment was death.
6. They visited him and threw him flowers and notes to the window jail.
7. He was executed in February 14, 269 A.D.. In that day he left a note to prison guard’s daughter, signed as: “Love from your Valentine”
1) It is the festival of Lupercalia
ReplyDelete2) The festival of Lupercalia began slaughtering animals and then hit young women are the skins of these animals
3) was a Roman emperor Claudius and banned all marriages and commitments in Rome in the third century
4) Valentin helped young couples to marry in secret
5) When Valentin was arrested was sentenced to death
6) Young couples went to the window and threw flowers and notes
7) He was executed on February 14, wrote a letter to the jailer's daughter and signed it, "Love from your Valentine"
Sebastian Torres Yepes
ReplyDelete1)on 14 Februay the romans had a holiday to honor juno and the next day the feast of lupercalia start.
2)the lupercalia festival begin with animal sacrifices and slapping young women.
3)Claudios was the emperor of Roma and he declared that in Roma nobody can married.
4)Valentin married young people in secret.
5)the young couples sent flowers for him, in appreciation.
6)saint valentine was executed on 14 Frebuary, this day he wrote a letter for your friend, he signed it "Love from your Valentine."
Daniel jaramillo
ReplyDelete1.the relationship between mid-February and Romans is the lupercalia´s festival
2. the feast of Lupercalia begins with animals sacrifice
3. Claudius was an emperor of Rome during the third century, and he decided not to allow any marriages in Rome, because wanted that the young mens joint to the army
4. Valentine helped young couples to get married in a secret ceremony
5. he was arrested and sentences to be beaten to death with clubs
6. young cuples visited valentin in jail and threw flowers and notes to the window of valentin, They wanted that valentin know that they, too, believed in love
7. Valentine was executed on february 14 and before his death he wrote a little note to one dearly friend, thanking her for her friendship and loyalty and signed: "Love from your Valentine"
Diego Andrés Puerta Restrepo
ReplyDelete1) The relationship between mid-February and Romans is FeasT of Lupercalia
2)The festival began with the sacrifice of an animal, then the girls young was slapping with the animal's skin and they was anointed with the animal's blood
3)Claudius was the Roman emperor and he did declare the cancellation all marriages and engagements in Rome
4)Valentine helped young people married them in secret
5)When Valentine was arrested the couple he was marrying escaped in time
6)When Valentine was in prison the young couples threw flowers and notes up to her window
7)Valentine was executed on Febrary 14th. That day the friend of Valentine left a little note thanking her for her friendship and loyalty and Valentine signed in the note "Love from your Valentine". The people believe that note started the custom of exchanging love messages on Valentine's Day
DIANA ANDREA OSSA VEGA
ReplyDelete1.The relationship between mid-February and Romans was the next day of holiday to honor Juno (February 14th). The Romans also knew her as the Goddess of women and marriage. Then on February 15th, began the Feast of Lupercalia. Where each young man would draw a girl's name from the jar and would then be partners for the duration of the festival with the girl whom he chose. Maybe they would later marry.
2.The Lupercalia festivity began in Roman time, because went a pastoral festival to avert evil spirits and purify the city, releasing health and fertility.
In Roman mythology, Lupercus is the god of shepherds. His festival, celebrated on the anniversary of the founding of his temple on February 15, was called the Lupercalia.
3.During the third century Rome was ruled by the emperor Claudius. He wanted to have a big army then he cancelled all marriages and engagements in Rome. This was a law, those who do not comply, they would die.
4.Valentine helped to marry couples secretly.
5.Saint Valentine was apprehended and dragged before the Prefect of Rome, who condemned him to be beaten to death with clubs and to have his head cut off.
6.Many young people came to the jail to visit him. They threw flowers and notes up to his window. They wanted him to know that they, too, believed in love.
7.He suffered martyrdom on the 14th day of February, about the year 270. And in this day every year the people remember. But most importantly, they think about love and friendship.
ReplyDelete1. What’s the relationship between mid-February and Romans?
In the middle of February two special dates were celebrated, on February 14 the holiday of Juno and 15 the holiday of Lupercalia.
2. How did the Lupercalia festivity begin in Roman time?
The festival of Lupercalia began with a representative act, the sacrifice of animals, the men were extracting the skin of the animal and were proceeding to strike with her the present women, indicating the beginning of the fertility, also the names of the Roman girls were written in pieces of role and they were placing themselves in a pitcher. Every man was extracting a woman's name of the pitcher and then they were remaining together until the end of the celebration. This could generate that the boys were falling in love and marrying
3. Who was Claudius and what did he declare?
Claudio II was a Roman emperor who decided to cancel all the matrimonial celebrations in order to force the young men to take part in the military lines
4. How did Valentine help people?
Valentín protected many Christians, since these were chased by his religious condition, also he was marrying many young partners secretly.
5. What happened when Valentine was arrested?
By the help that gave the young population Valentin it was arrested and taken at the head of the Prefect of Rome.
6. What did young couples do when Valentine was in prison?
Many young partners went to visit it, throwing flowers and letters of love to the local window where Valentin was. Also there was made friend of the daughter of the prison guard, to whom I leave a note signed with ' Love from your Valentine ', beginning this way the habit of the partners of always signing the letters this way.
7. When was Valentine executed and what happened in that date?
Valentin was convicted to die, on February 14 of the year 270, being struck by sticks and cut his head.
Santiago Bedoya Betancur
ReplyDelete1.The relationship between mid-February and Romans is that on this date was celebrated Lupercalia Feast and Honor to Juno by the Romans.
2. Lupercalia Festival begins with animal sacrifices and then the slapping young women with the animal´s skin and blood to restore fertility in the year.
3. Claudio II " The Cruel" was a Roman Emperor, who cancelled all marriages and engagements in Rome.
4.Valentine helped the young couples to married secretly.
5.Valentine was condemned to death
6. The young couples in secret pass to the cell in the jail, and left flowers in symbol of gratitude.
7. Valentine was executed in February 14th, and that day he wrote a letter to the daughter's jailer: " From your Valentine"
camila mantilla rojas
ReplyDelete1.The relationship between mid-February and Romans was that on this date was celebrated Lupercalia´sfestival in the honor to lupa
2.the lupercalia´s festival begins with the sacrifice and the slapping young grils with the animal´s skin and blood to restore fertility in the year
3.claudio II was a roman emperor, which cancelled all marriage and engagements in rome during the third century.this mperor wanted a big army
4.Valentine helped young people marry in secret from the emperor
5. when valentin was arrested, he was changed with the death penalty and in this momen the people were angry
6.many young people decided to go the place where it was valentin,this people tossed notes and flowers for valentin them know that they too believed in love
7.Valentine was executed on Febrary 14th. That day the friend of Valentine left a little note thanking her for her friendship and loyalty and Valentine signed in the note "Love from your Valentine". The people believe that note started the custom of exchanging love messages on Valentine's Day
5.
Luz Andrea Ruiz Restrepo
ReplyDelete1. What’s the relationship between mid-February and Romans?
R=/ the relationship between mid-February and Romans is Lupercalia’s feast
2. How did the Lupercalia festivity begin in Roman time?
R=/ Lupercalia festivity began with an animal sacrifice and then slapping the young women with animal skins to restore fertility for coming year.
3. Who was Claudius and what did he declare?
R=/ Claudius was an emperor who knew that married men didn't want to go to army. They didn't want to go to army for their family and wives, so, he cancelled all the marriages.
4. How did Valentine help people?
R=/ He secretly was helping the young couples to marry
5. What happened when Valentine was arrested?
R=/ He was caught and was thrown in a jail, and he received his death punishment.
6. What did young couples do when Valentine was in prison?
R=/ They came to his cell and threw messages, notes and flowers up to his window, too, the guardian’s daughter visited he for hours.
7. When was Valentine executed and what happened in that date?
R=/ both texts say he dies on 14th February, but the first text say “about the year 270”, and second say “February 14, 269 A.D.”, In conclusion, I would not know the year perfectly. In that day we remember who was Valentine, and think about friendship and love.
Juliet Alexandra Contreras Carreño
ReplyDelete1. The relationship between mid-February and Romans were the holiday to honor Juno on February 14th and the feast of Lupercalia on February 15th.
2. The feast of Lupercalia begin on the eve of the festival, when the romans girls wrote her names on slips of paper and placed into jars, where the romans boys chose partners for the duration of the festival.
3. Claudio was a emperor Rome who cancelled all marriages and engagements because Many men didn't want to fight in wars. They did not want to leave their wives and families.
4. He aided the Christian martyrs and married couples in secret
5. He was thrown in jail and told him that his punishment was death.
6. Many young couples visited him and threw flowers and notes to the window.
7. Valentine was executed in February 14, 269 A.D. In that day he wrote a note to guard’s daughter, signed as: “Love from your Valentine”.
1. The relationship between mid-february and Romans is the Lupercalia festival.
ReplyDelete2. The festival began with the animal’s sacrifice and then slapping young girls with the animal’s skin.
3.Claudius was a roman emperor. He wanted to have a big army but many men just did not want to fight in wars; so Claudius decided not to allow any more marriages.
4.Valentine helped young people marry in secret from the emperor.
5.When Valentine was arrested the couple he was marrying escaped in time.
6.Many young people went to the jail to visit Valentine. They threw flowers and notes up to his window.
7. Valentine was executed in February 14th. He left the daughter of the guard a letter thanking her for her friendship; he signed “Love from your Valentine”.
1. The relationship is that in February 14 th, the Romans had a holiday to honor Juno and in the next day, the Feast of Lupercalia began.
ReplyDelete2. The lupercalia festival began like a way that the young people used to meet partners. Because their lives were too separated.
4..Valentine helped marrying the young people in secret.
5. when valentine was arrested, he was changed with the death penalty and that caused people to be angry.
6. he was visited in jail and the young people threw notes through the window.
7. He was killed in February 14th. He wrote a note to guard's daughter, in this note, he thanked her for her friendship.
Esteban Giraldo C.
ReplyDelete1. The relationship between mid-February and Romans is the Lupercalia festival.
2. Lupercalia Festivity begins with animal sacrificies and then the slapping young women with the animal´s skin and blood to restore fertility in the year.
3. Was the emperor of Rome. He declared that in Roma nobody can married.
4. he married young people in secret.
5.Valentine was condemned to death, and he was decapitated.
6. They visited him and threw him flowers and notes to the window jail.
7. Valentine was executed in February 14th, and he left a little note where he signed “love from your valentine”.
1. The relationship between mid-February and Romans its a lupercalia festival.
ReplyDelete2. Lupercalia festival Legans with the sacrifice to the animal, and the slapping young women with the animal’s skin and blood.
3. Claudius is a roman emperor in the third Century. He declared that any man could get married because he needed to get men for the roman army.
4. Valentine merried at the young people in secret.
5. In the momento to Valentine’s arrested, he was merried a couple, this couple scape and the military’s arrested a Valentine and carry on to the jail.
6. The couples throw up flowers and notes to the Windows.
7. On the day I was to die, I left my friend a little note thanking her for her friendship and loyalty. I signed it, "Love from your Valentine." I believe that note started the custom of exchanging love messages on Valentine's Day. It was written on the day I died, February 14, 269 A.D. Now, every year on this day, people remember. But most importantly, they think about love and friendship. And when they think of Emperor Claudius, they remember how he tried to stand in the way of love, and they laugh -- because they know that love can't be beaten!
MARTHA NATALIA ECHEVERRY A.
1. The relationship is lupercalia feast in honor of Lupa.
ReplyDelete2. The Lupercalia festivity began with the animal sacrifice then slapping young women with the animal´s skin and blood to restore fertility.
3. Claudio II was a Roman emperor who decided to cancel all the matrimonial celebrations in order to force the young men to take part in the military lines
4. Valentin married young people in secret.
5. Valentine was condemned to death, and he was decapitated.
6. The young couples visited to Valentine in prison and they
threw flowers and letters by the windows of jail.
7. He was ececuted in February 14th. He wrote a letter that say ¨Love from your Valentine
1. The relationship between mid-February and Romans goes back to a pagan festival known as Lupercalia which was celebrated to honor Lupa or Faunus, their god of fertility.
ReplyDelete2. The festivities began with an animal sacrifice, then the ritualistic slapping of young woman with strips of the animal’s skin and blood to bestow fertility for the coming Year.
3. Claudius was an ambition ruler emperor and he declared "stop love" and anybody get marriage.
4. Father Valentine thought the ban unjust and defied the emperor continuing to marry young Lovers in secret.
5. When Valentine was arrested, he thrown in jail and Claudius told that his punishment was death.
6. Young couples he had secretly wed would visit his cell, passing him flowers and notes to the bars as Symbols of their gratitude.
7. Valentine was executed on february 14th and it is said that he passed the young girl a note signed as: "from your Valentine". After that the tradition of sharing flowers and candies became very popular around the world.
1. The relationship between mid-February and Romans is the Lupercalia feast.
ReplyDelete2. Lupercalia fectivity begin with the animal sacrifice and then slapping young girls with the animal skins and blood.
3. Claudios was a roman emperor, this cancelled all marriages in Rome for that, the men join the army.
4. Valentine married young people in secret.
5. He is condened to death. He was decapitated.
6. The young couples came to visit him and threw flowers and notes in his window.
7. He was executed in February 14th. He left a letter, which he signed as "Love from your Valentine".
Josue David Suarez
ReplyDelete1. The relationship between mid-February and Romans was the Lupercalia feast.
2. The Lupercalia Festivity begin with animal sacrifices, after then Romans beat to young women with animals skins smealed of blood.
3. Claudio II was a Roman Emperor during the third century. In this time he declared a law to cancel the marriages in Roman.
4. valentine helped young couples in Rome in order to they could marry.
5. When Valentine was arrested, he was beaten and then he was decapitated.
6. Young couples visited to Valentine in jail, they brought him flowers and letters.
7. Valentine was executed in February 14th. That day, before his death, he left a letter to the daughter of the prision guard for her friendship and loyalty.
cristian ricardo ibarra hernandez
ReplyDelete1)in mid-february is when meke the luprcalia's festival
2)when start the dates of festival prepared animals to sacrifice, and after slapping the girls with animal's skin
3)on the third century the claudius guide to rome, he wants to has a army with a lot of soldiers, he was named the cruel
4)valentine did possible the marriage, in secret of emperor
5)when the emperor knows secret marriages, order kill to valentine
6)the couples threw flowers onto window when visited the prison
7)before yours executed, valentine wrote a letter to guard's daughter, thanking pet your friendship, letter was signed LOVE FROM YOUR VALENTINE since then was born VALENTINE'S DAY
1. The relationship between mid-February and Romans was the Lupercalia Fest
ReplyDelete2. It began with animal sacrifices then young woman get slapped by the ritualist with the animals skin to restore the fertility in the year.
3. He was the roman emperor in the third century, he declared that people couldnt get married because that was the reason because the men didnt join to the army.
4. Valentine was a priest and he marry people, hidden from the emperor.
5. the emperor ordered to torture and kill him.
6. they threw flowers and notes in his prison´s window and visited him.
7. When was Valentine executed and what happened in that date?
7. Valentine was executed in february 14, he wrote a letter to the prison guard´s daughter the day before his death in which he signed "love from your valentine".
Andrés Felipe Ramírez Martínez